Submarines are watercraft designed to operate underwater. They are typically used by navies for military purposes, such as stealthy reconnaissance, strategic deterrence, or launching attacks. Submarines can also serve various scientific and civilian applications, such as underwater exploration, research, and salvage operations.
These vessels are equipped with specialized systems that allow them to submerge and surface, manage buoyancy, and navigate underwater. Submarines can be powered by a variety of means, including diesel-electric engines or nuclear reactors, enabling them to operate for extended periods without surfacing.
The ability to remain hidden underwater gives submarines a significant tactical advantage in naval warfare, allowing them to evade detection and engage targets without being seen. They can carry various types of weapons, including torpedoes and, in the case of nuclear submarines, ballistic missiles.
Submarines come in various classes and sizes, each designed for specific missions or capabilities, such as attack submarines, ballistic missile submarines, and research submarines. Overall, submarines play a crucial role in modern naval operations and underwater exploration.